The joints of the human body bear daily loads, so they are susceptible to various destructive factors. Arthritis is often found in joint diseases and can affect joints of large and small. Knee joint articulation is a degenerative disease injury to the knee joint, and its motor activities are disturbed. Without proper treatment, the disease can lead to disability.
Since the disease causes characteristic deformation of the joint, it is called deformation articulation of the knee joint, which correctly describes typical characteristics of pathology. The disease is chronic and is often diagnosed in women, with excessive weight and venous lesions in the lower extremity, but there may be other causes. Due to age-related changes, people have also appeared in the elderly.
Young arthritis may be caused by injuries. Due to changes in denatured malnutrition, cartilage becomes soft, delayed, and covers cracks at various depths. He then stopped performing his functions.
reason
Various reasons lead to the occurrence of deformed knee joints. Trauma factors are common causes of occurrence. Posttraumatic arthritis may develop due to dislocation or fractures in the designated area and meniscus damage. Often, gonadoarthrosis in the knee joint occurs in young people who are actively involved in sports, or in people associated with increased mobility, weightlifting and weightlifting.
Few people know that this damage may be the result of treatment when the injury itself has been cured, but there is circulatory disease in the area when the limbs are fixed for a long time. Therefore, myocardial arthritis occurs.
Increased physical fatigue on the knee is one of the main factors that cause disease. In most cases, it affects athletes who are constantly actively burdened on their knees. At a young age, joints may not appear and usually start to change rapidly after physical exercise is terminated.
Those who do not reduce joint burden even in adulthood also have disease. In such athletes, the risk of cracks and dislocations increases and micromarkers appear. So forty years later, doctors advise athletes to reduce the burden and turn to coaching. Running and squatting are best ruled out, as most of these types of activities load the knee joint. In most cases, a limb is affected and the left partner or the right partner.
Meniscus removal has become an important factor in the joint development of the knee joint. If the bent plate is removed for some reason, in 90% of cases, this can lead to arthritis – the so-called grilled knee joints occur, during which the joints are more friction than usual.
This is the case with arthroscopy on the crescent moon - Tears - May be a trigger for the knee joints
The problem of overweight is also related to arthritis patients. Too much weight can cause unnecessary stress on the joints. As a result, the cartilage itself is damaged, but the meniscus is crescent. The combination of acute arthritis and overweight threatens varicose veins in the lower limbs.
The weak ligament in some patients is an innate feature, and sometimes the ligament is affected by other diseases. One way or another, weak ligaments promote increased mobility of joints, which is why the joint surface is significantly worn. The consequences of weak ligaments cannot be felt for a long time before the patient experiences the symptoms of the real joint.
Combined pathology also leads to the development of the disease. Most commonly, arthritis becomes the culprit for arthritis - inflammation of the joints. In the case of arthritis, typical signs are observed - worsening of synovial fluid composition, pathological changes in cartilage, swelling, and redness of soft tissue. Even after osteoarthritis, chronic processes can lead to the development of arthritis.
Violations of metabolic processes often lead to pathology of the musculoskeletal system. Bones and joints do not receive nutrients and minerals and are therefore necessary for tissue strength. Due to the lack of bone and cartilage surfaces, major arthritis can also be affected by destructive processes, so even with a slight load.
symptom
The articity of the knee joint is manifested by a characteristic complex that is difficult to notice. There is no sign of pathology only at the first degree, but the second and third degrees have obvious knee joint symptoms:
- Pain is one of the main signs, and there is no rhinestone. Interestingly, as the joints develop, the pain cannot be felt even before the disease worsens. Usually, the first sign of pain is physical fatigue, discomfort of walking or running, but it also manifests itself when the meniscus is pinched. In the second degree of the joint, the pain in the joint is stronger, and as the third level develops, a painful feeling occurs even in a resting state. Even after a short walk, attacks can aggravate the joints, so the patient tries to avoid the knee.
- Deformation - It is increasingly obvious in the third stage of arthritis development. The knees will retain their usual shape, but they look a little swollen and swollen. When arthritis connects, the knee turns red and the touch becomes hot and painful.
- Articular crystals appear at the second and third degrees of the disease. Crispy sounds are different from healthy clicks and are sometimes heard as you extend and bend your knees. With joint symptoms, symptoms are characterized by dry, rude sounds, violent occurrence and accompanied by pain.
- Synovitis is the accumulation of a certain amount of fluid in the joint cavity. It is also included there. However, the accumulation of excess leads to the development of cysts - bread cysts that can be determined in the exposed position of the legs are most evident;
- Limited mobility of the knee is a typical sign of pathology, as patients first try to consciously protect themselves from pain, and in the later stages of arthritis, they simply cannot bend over. In third-level development, osteoarthritis deformation of the knee joint (DOA) even leads to loss of movement. Patients use support products to adapt to bent legs.
Degree of development
The articity of the knee joint occurs in three degrees of development.
In joints in arthritis, pain and pain occur only if effective physical fatigue on the knee joints. Within the first range, the liquid in the cavity may accumulate and the second and third fluids are already cysts. As the pain progresses, it occurs during the exercise but passes quickly. On the outside, deformation of the knee joint is invisible, so it is difficult to diagnose the knee joint.
Even if the external signs of the disease are not obvious, joint pain can occur
Due to secondary disease, damage to cartilage tissue is more important. If you take X-rays, the stages of bone growth are already obvious. With any exercise, acute sudden pain occurs in the knee, but, back to the convenient position, the knee will no longer be injured. In the second phase of DOA, you can hear about the typical joint crisis. As progression progresses, knee extension and flexion problems can be exacerbated. The deformation becomes apparent in appearance.
Osteoarthritis of the third degree knee joint is characterized by a significant sparseness of cartilage. Gradually, the cartilage is soaked, so that bones are exposed in certain areas. X-rays show a large number of bone plants - bone growth, salts appearing in the joint cavity. Externally, these changes are clearly visible and the patient is concerned about persistent pain. It is easy to make a diagnosis - there is enough visual examination and retinal control is performed.
As this degree develops, arthritis can lead to a complete loss of function. In any pathological development, osteoarthritis in the knee joint can be connected.
treat
Conservative
One of the most active drugs for arthritis is non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs. These are mainly cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, which completely relieve inflammation, swelling and help with rapid recovery as much as possible. These medications have significant limitations, so they cannot be used without the advice of a doctor. For example, they can aggravate gastric ulcers, heart disease, and uropathology. Non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs are prohibited during pregnancy.
The second group of funds is a cartilage protective agent that improves cartilage characteristics. They are used in arthritis to restore the correct structure of the cartilage, because in the process of solving it, it loses very important ingredients - chondroitin and glucosamine. Therefore, almost all cartilage protectors have both substances, but some drugs are one composition. With the help of these drugs, you can help patients in the first and second stages of disease development, but you can help patients when there is an irreversible change for the third time.
During conservative treatment, doctors will advise on nutrition. If the patient or patient is overweight, it is necessary to follow a diet to normalize weight. How to strengthen a stable weight - the doctor will explain it. It is not recommended to eat a lot of salt, but it is best to fill your diet with calcium, vitamins and minerals. Jelly, jelly will be useful.
operate
The most common type of surgical intervention for arthroscopy is arthroscopy, but other interventions have been performed. When conservative treatment is no longer helpful, knee joint treatment is usually performed at the second and third levels.
If necessary, for example, when fluid accumulates in the knee joint, the minimum invasive intervention can be performed with puncture. In the cavity of the knee joint, perform a puncture and extract excess fluid. The method can be diagnosed with the disease and therefore treatment can be applied simultaneously. The fluid is taken at the initial initial stage, but this has significantly improved the patient's well. Then, after studying the biomaterial, another portion was removed and the corticosteroids were introduced into the joint cavity.
Intraoplasty is sometimes the only way for patients with third-level joints
Arthroscopy is the most common. Through a small incision, several tools are introduced into the skin, which allows you to perform joint examinations and the necessary actions therein. With the help of arthroscopy, you can remove fabric particles separated from the cartilage, but there is always a risk of secondary antoptotic inflammation.
Due to severe damage, periosteal osteotomy is required. This is a big impact on the joint, and it turns out it is slightly fed and installed at right angles. After the surgery, the recovery is longer, but the effect lasts longer.
Major damage to the joint elements leads to complete fixation of the limb. The joint cannot perform its function, which means it needs to be replaced and you need to do it. The inner opthetics of the knee joint are an expensive procedure, but can move the movements to the patient in the limb. Various knee prostheses are installed - plastic, ceramic or metal. These are durable constructions that will keep you from having problems for decades.
Physical therapy
Physiotherapy can only be used when the acute cycle has passed and the patient recovers.
In these technologies, it is actively used:
- Ozone therapy is the effect on ozone affecting joints and the substance can be introduced during injection or as an external treatment. This assistance to patients is very effective and is therefore often used to treat various pathologies including joints. Treatment can activate blood circulation in the problem area for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. At the same time, glucocorticoids are treated.
- Exercise Therapy - Use a special set of exercises for treatment. Individual data are taken into account and loads are formed when executing exercises and special simulators are used to strengthen joints. The difference between exercise therapy and physical therapy exercises is not only for osteoarthritis in the knee, but also for the overall effect of the entire organism.
They use not only ozone therapy and exercise therapy, but also physical therapy. The good result is the copyright method of eliminating knee joints by copyright method - Exercises performed at Dikul's Evdokimenko Bubnovsky. During the exercise, afterwards, we need to wear a special knee pad - orthosis to strengthen the right knee joint.